1The philosopher argued that human beings are inherently irrational, driven by emotions and desires that defy rational explanation.
2Is it irrational to believe in a higher power or an afterlife, or are such beliefs simply beyond the realm of empirical verification?
3The economist's model was based on the assumption that consumers make rational decisions, but real-world data often reveals irrational patterns of behaviour.
4The artist's use of irrational shapes and colours was meant to evoke an emotional response, rather than a rational understanding of the artwork.
5There is a long tradition in Western philosophy of exploring the tension between rationality and irrationality, from Plato's theory of the forms to Nietzsche's critique of reason.